{"id":495,"date":"2023-09-04T18:28:15","date_gmt":"2023-09-04T15:28:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.istatistik.gen.tr\/?p=495"},"modified":"2024-10-16T11:38:49","modified_gmt":"2024-10-16T08:38:49","slug":"istatistikle-ilgili-temel-bazi-sorular-ve-cevap-denemeleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.istatistik.gen.tr\/?p=495","title":{"rendered":"\u0130statistikle ilgili temel baz\u0131 sorular ve cevap denemeleri"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>Fakt\u00f6r analizinde Keiser-Meyer-Olkin de\u011feri \u00f6rneklem b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn yeterli oldu\u011funu mu g\u00f6sterir?<\/summary>\n<p>Hay\u0131r. Bu de\u011fer toplanan verilerin yaps\u0131n\u0131n fakt\u00f6r analizi yapmaya uygunlu\u011funa bakar. \u00d6rneklemi iyi\/yeterli\/temsil edici se\u00e7mi\u015fiz demek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. \u0130ngilizce kaynaklarda ge\u00e7en sampling adequecy i\u00e7inde yer alan sampling yayg\u0131n bilinen \u00f6rneklem anlam\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmamaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgi i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cerny, C.A., &amp; Kaiser, H.F. (1977). A study of a measure of sampling adequacy for factor-analytic correlation matrices. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 12(1), 43-47.<br><br>Kaiser, H. 1974. An index of factor simplicity. Psychometrika 39: 31<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>A\u00e7\u0131mlay\u0131c\u0131 fakt\u00f6r analizi yapt\u0131ktan sonra do\u011frulay\u0131c\u0131 fakt\u00f6r analizi yapmal\u0131 m\u0131y\u0131m?<\/summary>\n<p>E\u011fer a\u00e7\u0131mlay\u0131c\u0131 fakt\u00f6r analizinde elde etti\u011finiz fakt\u00f6r y\u00fcklerini kullanarak do\u011frulay\u0131c\u0131 fakt\u00f6r analizi yap\u0131yorsan\u0131z olabilir. Aksi durumda a\u00e7\u0131mlay\u0131c\u0131 ile do\u011frulay\u0131c\u0131 fakt\u00f6r analizi aras\u0131nda her zaman i\u00e7in bir bo\u015fluk olacakt\u0131r. Ger\u00e7ekte daha iyi do\u011frulanabilecek bir modelden daha k\u00f6t\u00fc bir modeli do\u011fruluyor olursunuz. Bu konuda <a href=\"https:\/\/www.istatistik.gen.tr\/?p=644\">https:\/\/www.istatistik.gen.tr\/?p=644<\/a> adresindeki yaz\u0131y\u0131 okuyabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmam i\u00e7in 100 ki\u015fi yeter mi? Ka\u00e7 ki\u015fi yeterli say\u0131d\u0131r?<\/summary>\n<p>\u00d6l\u00e7ece\u011finiz konu ya da konular\u0131n gruptaki da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 ki\u015fi say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 belirler. \u00d6l\u00e7ece\u011finiz konu toplumda heterojen bir da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m g\u00f6steriyorsa \u00f6rneklemde herkes temsil edilebilsin diye daha geni\u015f bir gruptan \u00f6rneklem almal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z. E\u011fer \u00f6l\u00e7ece\u011finiz konu toplumda homejen da\u011f\u0131l\u0131yorsa herkes az \u00e7ok birbirine benziyor demektir. Bu nedenle az say\u0131da ki\u015fi ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yapabilirsiniz. \u00d6rne\u011fin T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de gelir homojen da\u011f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funluk birbirine yak\u0131n gelir d\u00fczeyine sahiptir. O halde y\u00fczbinlerce insana geliriniz ne kadar diye sormaya gerek yoktur. Az say\u0131da ki\u015fiye sorulup genel hakk\u0131nda bilgi edinilebilir. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k hastal\u0131k t\u00fcrleri heterojen bir da\u011f\u0131l\u0131ma sahiptir. Az say\u0131da ki\u015fiye sorup T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de genelde \u015fu hastal\u0131k var demek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Her t\u00fcrl\u00fc hastal\u0131\u011fa rastlamak m\u00fck\u00fcnd\u00fcr. O halde \u00f6rneklemi geni\u015f tutup \u00f6rneklemin i\u00e7inde her t\u00fcrl\u00fc hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n g\u00f6zlenilmesi ihtimalini artt\u0131rmak gerekir. Bu konuda \u00f6rneklem say\u0131s\u0131 belirleme amac\u0131yla g\u00fc\u00e7 analizi ve \u00f6rnekleme t\u00fcrleri konular\u0131na bakabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m normal de\u011fil ne yapmal\u0131y\u0131m?<\/summary>\n<p>\u00d6ncelikle normal olmas\u0131 gerekiyorsa neden normal de\u011fil diye ara\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z. Outlier denen u\u00e7 de\u011ferler mi var, \u00f6rnekleme hatas\u0131 m\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, yoksa da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m yerine bir blok ile mi kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yas\u0131n\u0131z. Bunlar\u0131 anlaman\u0131n yolu da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n grafi\u011fini \u00e7izdirmektir. Ard\u0131ndan da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 normalle\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilirsiniz. Outlier atarak veya \u00e7e\u015fitli d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrme y\u00f6ntemlerini kulanarak (ark sin\u00fcs, logratitmik, karek\u00f6k, ters vb.) normallik sa\u011flamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilirsiniz. E\u011fer normalli\u011fi sa\u011flayamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsan\u0131z Parametrik olmayan testleri kullanabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>z puanlar\u0131na d\u00f6nd\u00fcrmek normallik sa\u011flar m\u0131?<\/summary>\n<p>Hay\u0131r. da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131z \u00e7arp\u0131ksa z puanlar\u0131na d\u00f6nd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fczde da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m ayn\u0131 \u00e7arp\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 koruyarak z puanlar\u0131na d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. z puanlar\u0131 normalle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmaz. z puanlar\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerin ortalamadan ne kadar uzak oldu\u011funu standart sapma cinsinden veren bir de\u011ferdir. Uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6sterir d\u00fczeltme yapmaz.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>p de\u011feri 0.05&#8217;in \u00fczerinde ama ortalamalar aras\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck fark var nas\u0131l yorumlamal\u0131y\u0131m?<\/summary>\n<p>Ortalamalar aras\u0131nda binlerce puanl\u0131k fark olsa da iyi bir \u00f6rneklem ve y\u00f6ntembilim kurallar\u0131na uyularak toplanm\u0131\u015f bir datada analizin p de\u011feri 0.05&#8217;in \u00fczerindeyse yap\u0131labilecek en iyi yorum \u015fudur: Bu \u00f6rneklemlerin ortalamalar\u0131n\u0131n birbirlerinden farkl\u0131 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebilecek yeterli kan\u0131t bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle ortalamalar farkl\u0131 olsa bile p de\u011feri 0.05&#8217;in \u00fczerindeyse bu ortalamalar birbirine benzer kabul edilmeye devam edilecektir.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>\u0130statistik analizler i\u00e7in hangi program\u0131 \u00f6neriyorsunuz<\/summary>\n<p>Verilerinizi Libreoffice&#8217;in Calc \u00f6gesinde veya google sheets uygulamas\u0131nda girdikten sonra<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Varsa Madde analizleri i\u00e7in Jmetrik<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ge\u00e7erlilik ve g\u00fcvenirlik dahil T\u00fcm analizler i\u00e7in Jasp<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130leri d\u00fczey analizler ve uygulamalar i\u00e7in R (R studio) kullanabilirsiniz. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu programlar\u0131n hepsi \u00fccretsizdir.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>Deney ve kontrol grubum var \u00f6n test sontest yapt\u0131m hangi analizi yapmal\u0131y\u0131m<\/summary>\n<p>Split plot anova di\u011fer ad\u0131yla kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k desenler i\u00e7in anova deney ve kontrol gruplar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n testten sonteste olan de\u011fi\u015fimlerin anlaml\u0131 farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterip g\u00f6stermedi\u011fini test etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir. Ayr\u0131ca iki grup ve iki \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcz varsa sontestten \u00f6n test puanlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kararak bu fark puanlar\u0131na anova veya t testi de uygulayabilirsiniz. \u0130kiden \u00e7ok grup veya \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm i\u00e7in split plot anova yapman\u0131z uygun olacakt\u0131r. Gruplardaki ki\u015fi say\u0131lar\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckse veya da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\/varsay\u0131m sorunlar\u0131n\u0131z varsa \u015fu yaz\u0131 i\u015finze yarayabilir: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.istatistik.gen.tr\/?p=1079\">https:\/\/www.istatistik.gen.tr\/?p=1079<\/a><\/p>\n<\/details>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-495","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-genel"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.istatistik.gen.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/495","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.istatistik.gen.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.istatistik.gen.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.istatistik.gen.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.istatistik.gen.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=495"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/www.istatistik.gen.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/495\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1138,"href":"https:\/\/www.istatistik.gen.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/495\/revisions\/1138"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.istatistik.gen.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=495"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.istatistik.gen.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=495"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.istatistik.gen.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=495"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}