{"id":54,"date":"2009-10-21T02:25:10","date_gmt":"2009-10-20T23:25:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.muratakyildiz.com\/wordpress\/?p=54"},"modified":"2026-01-30T15:36:12","modified_gmt":"2026-01-30T12:36:12","slug":"t-testi-nin-spss-ile-uygulanmas-ve-yorumlanmas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.istatistik.gen.tr\/?p=54","title":{"rendered":"t testi’nin spss ile uygulanmas\u0131 ve yorumlanmas\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

t testinin SPSS program\u0131nda uygulan\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steren yaz\u0131y\u0131 yaz\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131nda okuyabilirsiniz. Yaz\u0131y\u0131 etkin \u015fekilde okuyabilmek i\u00e7in istatistik.gen.tr size firefox kullanman\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6nerir. Resimlerin daha b\u00fcy\u00fck ve net halleri i\u00e7in l\u00fctfen mouse imlecini resimlerin \u00fczerinde bekletin.
\n Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z gruplar i\u00e7in t testi, iki gruba ait olan ortalamalar\u0131n birbirinden farkl\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 test etmek amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131lan bir istatistiksel analiz y\u00f6ntemidir. Temel varsay\u0131mlar\u0131<\/p>\n

1. Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lacak olan gruplar\u0131n birbirinden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olmalar\u0131 (\u00f6rne\u011fin kad\u0131nlar ve erkekler, sigara i\u00e7enler i\u00e7meyenler gibi),<\/p>\n

2. Bu gruplardan elde edilen \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerin en az e\u015fit aral\u0131kl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7ek d\u00fczeyinde \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olmalar\u0131<\/p>\n

3. Her bir grupta \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerin normal da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m g\u00f6steriyor olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu varsay\u0131mlara ek olarak spss’in ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z gruplar i\u00e7in t testi yap\u0131l\u0131rken test etti\u011fi varyanslar\u0131n homojenli\u011fi varsay\u0131m\u0131 da kar\u015f\u0131lanm\u0131\u015f olmal\u0131d\u0131r.\u0131ms\u0131z gruplar i\u00e7in t testi, spss’te yap\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanmadan \u00f6nce veriler a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi girilmelidir. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da kad\u0131n ve erkeklerin i\u015f doyumlar\u0131n\u0131n birbirinden farkl\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131ran \u00f6rnek bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n verilerinin spss’te ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z gruplar i\u00e7in t testi ile nas\u0131l analiz edildi\u011fi a\u015famalar\u0131 ile g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir. https:\/\/www.istatistik.gen.tr<\/a><\/p>\n

Veriler \u015f\u00f6yle girilmi\u015f olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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Analizlerin yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 ve i\u015f doyumunu ifade eden toplam puan\u0131n nas\u0131l elde edildi\u011fini Toplam Puan Alma, Hesaplama<\/a> adresinden izleyebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n

Daha sonra ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z gruplar i\u00e7in t testi i\u00e7in spss’te independent samples t test men\u00fcs\u00fc a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki resimde g\u00f6r\u00fclen yerden a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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independent samples t test’ e t\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki pencere a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r<\/p>\n

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burada grouping variable (gruplama de\u011fi\u015fkeni) k\u0131sm\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rlacak gruplar\u0131 g\u00f6steren de\u011fi\u015fken g\u00f6nderilir. burada cins gruplamay\u0131 g\u00f6steren de\u011fi\u015fkendir. test variable ise bu gruplar\u0131 ne bak\u0131m\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131raca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 g\u00f6steren de\u011fi\u015fkendir. bu \u00f6rnekte test variable i\u015f doyumunu g\u00f6steren toplam isimli de\u011fi\u015fkendir. bu de\u011fi\u015fkenler a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibi yerle\u015ftirilirler<\/p>\n

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Gruplama de\u011fi\u015fkeni sa\u011f taraftaki kendi b\u00f6lmesine g\u00f6nderildi\u011finde yan\u0131nda iki tane soru i\u015fareti \u00e7\u0131kar. bunun sebebi SPSS’in hangi kodlar verilmi\u015f olan gruplar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 soruyor olmas\u0131d\u0131r. bu tan\u0131mlay\u0131 yapmak i\u00e7in soru i\u015faretlerinin alt\u0131ndaki Define variables (de\u011fi\u015flenleri tan\u0131mla) k\u0131sm\u0131na t\u0131klanarak a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki pencere a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

burada group 1 ve group 2 k\u0131sm\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lacak gruplar\u0131n spss’e girildi\u011fi kodlar\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131r. Daha \u00f6nce veriler girilirken k\u0131zlara 1, erkeklere ise 2 kodu verilmi\u015fti. (En \u00fcstteki veri dosyas\u0131na cinsiyet s\u00fctununa bak\u0131n\u0131z). Bu nedenle group 1 k\u0131sm\u0131na 1 ve group 2 k\u0131sm\u0131na ise 2 yaz\u0131l\u0131r<\/p>\n

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daha sonra continue t\u0131klanarak devam edilir ve art\u0131k soru i\u015faretleri kalkm\u0131\u015f olur.<\/p>\n

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bu pencerede options’a t\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ise analizin %95 mi yoksa %99 g\u00fcven aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda m\u0131 yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 belirlenebilir. options’a t\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u015fu pencere a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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burada genelde %95 se\u00e7ene\u011fi ge\u00e7erlidir. (Ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgiyi yak\u0131nda ekleyece\u011fim) buradan bir \u015fey de\u011fi\u015ftirilmeye gerek olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan continue t\u0131klanarak ilerlenir.<\/p>\n

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Art\u0131k OK t\u0131klanarak ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z gruplar i\u00e7in t testi yapt\u0131r\u0131labilir. \u00c7\u0131kan sonu\u00e7 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z gruplar i\u00e7in t testi sonucudur.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Burada ilk \u00e7\u0131kan tablo betimsel istatistikler tablosudur. Yani hangi grupta ka\u00e7 ki\u015fi bulunmaktad\u0131r ve her grubun ortalamas\u0131 ve standart sapmas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren tablodur.<\/p>\n

Alttaki independent samples test tablosu ise analiz tablosudur. bu tablonun ilk k\u0131sm\u0131ndaki F de\u011feri varyanslar\u0131n homojen olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 test etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Hemen yan\u0131ndaki Sig. de\u011feri 0,05’ten k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckse varyanslar\u0131n homojen oldu\u011funu kabul eden H0 hipotezini reddetmek i\u00e7in yeterli kan\u0131t bulunmuyor demektir. Bu durumda Equal variances not assumed sat\u0131r\u0131 yani alttaki sat\u0131r kullan\u0131l\u0131r \u00fcstteki sat\u0131rdaki de\u011ferler hi\u00e7 dikkat al\u0131nmaz. Fakat bu \u00f6rnekte oldu\u011fu gibi F’nin yan\u0131ndaki Sig. de\u011feri 0,05’ten b\u00fcy\u00fckse varyanslar\u0131n homojen oldu\u011funa karar verilir.<\/p>\n

Bu tabloda Sig. (2-tailed) de\u011feri gruplar\u0131n ortalamalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda s\u0131f\u0131rdan farkl\u0131 kabul edilebilir bir fark olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia eden bo\u015fluk hipotezinin reddedilebilip reddedilemeyece\u011fini g\u00f6sterir. Bu de\u011fer 0,05’ten k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckse gruplar\u0131n ortalamalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda fark oldu\u011funu kabul eden H1 hipotezi kabul edilir. E\u011fer bu de\u011fer 0,05’ten b\u00fcy\u00fckse kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan gruplar\u0131n ortalamalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda anlaml\u0131 fark olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia eden H0 hipotezi kabul edilir. E\u011fer fark oldu\u011fu karar\u0131 verilierse hangi grubun ortalamas\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fckse o grubun daha di\u011fer gruptan daha y\u00fcksek ortalamaya sahip oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenir. Fark \u00e7\u0131kmazsa gruplar\u0131n ortalamalar\u0131 birbirinden farkl\u0131 bile onlar\u0131n asl\u0131nda ayn\u0131 (birbirine denk) olduklar\u0131 s\u00f6ylenir.<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z gruplar i\u00e7in t testi tablosu \u015fu \u015fekilde raporla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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Soru ve \u00f6nerilerinizi a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki yorum b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne yazabilirsiniz<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

t testinin SPSS program\u0131nda uygulan\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steren yaz\u0131y\u0131 yaz\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131nda okuyabilirsiniz. Yaz\u0131y\u0131 etkin \u015fekilde okuyabilmek i\u00e7in istatistik.gen.tr size firefox kullanman\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6nerir. Resimlerin daha b\u00fcy\u00fck ve net halleri i\u00e7in l\u00fctfen mouse imlecini resimlerin \u00fczerinde bekletin.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-54","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-genel"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.istatistik.gen.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.istatistik.gen.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.istatistik.gen.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.istatistik.gen.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.istatistik.gen.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=54"}],"version-history":[{"count":21,"href":"https:\/\/www.istatistik.gen.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1234,"href":"https:\/\/www.istatistik.gen.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54\/revisions\/1234"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.istatistik.gen.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=54"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.istatistik.gen.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=54"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.istatistik.gen.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=54"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}